Rocks are the fundamental building blocks of the Earth’s crust, each with its unique composition, formation process, and characteristics. Understanding the different types of rocks and their properties is essential for various fields, including geology, mining, construction, and environmental studies. We will explore multiple-choice questions (MCQs) that test your knowledge of rocks, their classification, formation mechanisms, and distinguishing features. These MCQs on rocks will challenge your understanding and help you reinforce your learnings, making them an invaluable resource for students, professionals, and anyone with a keen interest in the fascinating world of rocks.
Important Mcqs on Rocks of India asked in various exam. Practice these Mcqs on rocks geography
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Multiple choice questions on rocks and minerals
Q1. On the basis of formation of rocks are defined ?
A. Igneous
B. Sedimentary
C. metamorphic
D. All of these
Q2. Which rocks are unfossiliferous having their origin under conditions of high temperatures?
A. Sedimentary rocks
B. Metamorphic rocks
C. Igneous rocks
D. None of the above
Q3. Which of the following is not a Igneous rocks ?
A. Shale
B. Granite
C. Gabbro
D. Basalt
Q4. Under intensely high temperatures the Sedimentary and Metamorphic rocks lose their solidity and get converted into lava or molten magma, this process is known as ?
A. Crystallization
B. Melting
C. Subduction
D. Galvanization
Q5. When the molten lava or magma cools down, its molecules get arranged uniformly and get solidified,this is known as ?
A. Crystallization
B. Melting
C. Subduction
D. Galvanization
Q6. Melting and Crystallization are the main processes resulting in the formation of which rocks?
A. Sedimentary rocks
B. Metamorphic rocks
C. Igneous rocks
D. None of the above
Q7. Which of the following rocks are not the examples of Acidic rocks
A. Granite
B. Quartz
C. Feldspar
D. Basalt
Q8. Which of the following rocks contains high content of Silica?
A. Acidic Rocks
B. Basic Rocks
C. Both A & B
C. None of the above
Q9. Which of the following rocks are formed by lithification, consolidation and compaction of sediments?
A. Sedimentary rocks.
B. Metamorphic rocks
C. Igneous rocks
D. None of the above
Q10. Sandstone,limestone,shale and gypsum are the examples of which rocks?
A. Metamorphic rocks
B. Sedimentary rocks.
C. Igneous rocks
D. None of the above
Q11. Which processes are the main resulting in the formation of Sedimentary rocks.
A. Melting and Crystallization
B. Metamorphism
C. Erosion and Deposition
D. Transportation
Q12. The process by which recrystallisation and reorganisation of minerals occur within a rock is known as
A. Metamorphism
B. Melting and crystallization
C. Erosion and Deposition
D. Transportation
Q13.Marble and Quartzite are the examples of which rocks?
A. Igneous rocks
B. Sedimentary rocks
C. metamorphic rocks
D. All of these
Q14.Graphite is found in which of the following States of India?
A. Bihar and Gujarat
B. Orissa and Andhra Pradesh
C. Kerala and Karnataka
D. Punjab and Haryana
Q15. Which rocks are primary rocks and other rocks form these rocks?
A. Igneous rocks
B. Sedimentary rocks
C. metamorphic rocks
D. None of these
Q16. Which of the following is the silient feature of metamorphic rocks?
A. Changeable
B. Quite
C. Crystalline
D. Foliation
Q17. Which one of the following is not a single element mineral?
A. Gold
B. Mica
C. Silver
D. Graphite
Q18. Which of the following is the hardest mineral?
A. Topaz
B. Quartz
C. Diamond
D. Feldspar
Q19. Which of the following is not a Sedimentary rocks?
A. Tillite
B. Breccia
C. Borax
D. Marble
Q20. Which one of the following are the two main constituents of granite?
A. Iron and nickel
B. Iron and silver
C. Silica and aluminium
D. Iron Oxide and potassium
Short questions on rocks
Here are some short questions on rocks with answers:
- What are the three main types of rocks?
Answer: The three main types of rocks are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. - How are igneous rocks formed?
Answer: Igneous rocks are formed by the cooling and solidification of molten rock material (magma or lava). - Give an example of a sedimentary rock.
Answer: Examples of sedimentary rocks include sandstone, limestone, and shale. - What is the process that leads to the formation of metamorphic rocks?
Answer: Metamorphic rocks are formed by the transformation of existing rocks due to intense heat and pressure. - Name a common metamorphic rock.
Answer: A common metamorphic rock is marble, which is formed from the metamorphism of limestone. - What is the main mineral in the rock granite?
Answer: The main mineral in granite is feldspar. - How are fossils preserved in sedimentary rocks?
Answer: Fossils are preserved in sedimentary rocks when the remains of organisms are buried and replaced by minerals over time. - What is the difference between extrusive and intrusive igneous rocks?
Answer: Extrusive igneous rocks are formed from magma that cools and solidifies on the Earth’s surface, while intrusive igneous rocks are formed from magma that cools and solidifies beneath the Earth’s surface. - Give an example of a rock that is commonly used in construction.
Answer: Examples of rocks commonly used in construction include granite, limestone, and sandstone. - What is the process that causes the folding and deformation of rocks?
Answer: Tectonic forces, such as the movement of tectonic plates, cause the folding and deformation of rocks over time.
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types of rocks quiz
Here are the three main types of rocks and their characteristics:
1. Igneous Rocks:
– Formed by the cooling and solidification of molten rock material (magma or lava)
– Can be further classified as intrusive (cooled below the surface) or extrusive (cooled on the surface)
– Examples: Granite, basalt, obsidian, pumice
2. Sedimentary Rocks:
– Formed by the deposition and compression of sediments, such as sand, mud, or organic materials
– Can contain fossils and are often found in layers or strata
– Examples: Sandstone, limestone, shale, conglomerate
3. Metamorphic Rocks:
– Formed by the transformation of existing rocks (igneous or sedimentary) due to intense heat and pressure
– The original rock undergoes changes in mineral composition and texture
– Examples: Marble (from limestone), slate (from shale), gneiss (from granite), quartzite (from sandstone)
Each type of rock has its own unique characteristics, such as texture, mineral composition, and formation process, which can be used to identify and classify them. The study of rocks is essential in understanding the Earth’s history, geological processes, and the formation of various landforms and mineral resources.
What is the difference between igneous and sedimentary rocks?
gneous rocks are formed by the cooling and solidification of molten rock material, while sedimentary rocks are formed by the deposition and compression of sediments, such as sand, mud, or organic materials.
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
Metamorphic rocks are formed by the transformation of existing rocks (igneous or sedimentary) due to intense heat and pressure, resulting in changes in their mineral composition and texture.
What are the main minerals found in granite?
The main minerals found in granite are feldspar, quartz, and mica. These minerals give granite its distinctive speckled appearance and make it a popular choice for construction and monuments.
Can fossils be found in all types of rocks?
No, fossils are primarily found in sedimentary rocks, where the remains of organisms are buried and preserved over time. Igneous and metamorphic rocks are less likely to contain fossils.
What are the applications of different types of rocks?
Igneous rocks like granite are used in construction and monuments, sedimentary rocks like limestone are used for building materials and cement production, while metamorphic rocks like slate are used for roofing and flooring.