Basic electronics is a fundamental branch of science that deals with the behavior and control of electric currents, voltages, and components. It encompasses the study of electronic circuits, devices, and systems. At its core, basic electronics explores the principles of electricity, such as voltage, current, resistance, and power, and how they interact with various components like resistors, capacitors, and diodes. Understanding basic electronics is crucial for anyone interested in fields like electrical engineering, computer science, telecommunications, or even hobbyists who want to tinker with electronic projects. By grasping the foundations of basic electronics, individuals gain the knowledge and skills necessary to analyze and design simple circuits, troubleshoot issues, and delve into more complex electronic systems.
join Telegram channelBasic electronics MCQs with answers
Q1. What is the unit of electric current?
A. Volts
B. Watts
C. Ampere
D. Ohms
Q2. What does LED stand for?
A. Long Electrical Device
B. Light Emitting Diode
C. Low Energy Detector
D. Laser Emission Device
Q3. Which component is used to store electrical charge?
A. Capacitor
B. Inductor
C. Resistor
D. Transistor
Q4. What is the SI unit of resistance?
A. Ampere
B. Ohm
C. Volt
D. Farad
Q5. Which component is used to amplify or switch electronic signals?
A. Capacitor
B. Inductor
C. Resistor
D. Transistor
Q6. What does AC stand for in AC power?
A. Alternating Current
B. Amperes of Current
C. Active Circuit
D. Amplified Current
Q7. Which type of material is used in the core of an electromagnet?
A. Aluminum
B. Copper
C. Iron
D. Silver
Q8. What is the purpose of a diode?
A. To amplify electrical signals
B. To store electrical charge
C. To regulate voltage
D. To control current flow direction
Q9. What is the basic unit of capacitance?
A. Volt
B. Ampere
C. Farad
D. Ohm
Q10. Which type of circuit allows only one path for current flow?
A. Parallel circuit
B. Series circuit
C. Combination circuit
D. Complex circuit
Q11. Which law states that the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage across it, provided its temperature remains constant?
A. Ohm’s Law
B. Newton’s Law
C. Coulomb’s Law
D. Faraday’s Law
Q12. What is the function of a fuse in an electrical circuit?
A. To regulate voltage
B. To store electrical charge
C. To control current flow direction
D. To protect against overcurrent
Q13. Which type of device is commonly used to convert AC to DC?
A. Transformer
B. Rectifier
C. Amplifier
D. Oscillator
Q14. What is the main function of an antenna in a communication system?
A. To amplify signals
B. To regulate voltage
C. To convert electrical energy into mechanical energy
D. To radiate and receive electromagnetic waves
Q15. Which component is used to store and release electrical energy in a circuit?
A. Resistor
B. Transistor
C. Capacitor
D. Diode
Q16. What does CPU stand for in the context of computers?
A. Computer Power Unit
B. Central Processing Unit
C. Control and Program Unit
D. Computer Programming Unit
Q17. What is the purpose of a resistor in an electrical circuit?
A. To regulate voltage
B. To store electrical charge
C. To control current flow
D. To amplify electrical signals
Q18. What does the term “voltage” refer to?
A. The flow of electric charge
B. The opposition to current flow
C. The difference in electric potential
D. The measurement of electrical resistance
Q19. Which type of component is used to amplify and switch electronic signals?
A. Diode
B. Transistor
C. Resistor
D. Capacitor
Electronics MCQs Questions
Q1. Which type of material is commonly used as a semiconductor in electronic devices?
A. Copper
B. Silver
C. Silicon
D. Aluminum
Q2. What does the term “resistance” refer to in an electrical circuit?
A. The flow of electric charge
B. The opposition to current flow
C. The difference in electric potential
D. The measurement of electrical power
Q3. Which component is used to step up or step down voltage in an electrical circuit?
A. Capacitor
B. Inductor
C. Transformer
D. Resistor
Q4. What is the function of a transistor in an electronic circuit?
A. To store electrical charge
B. To amplify electrical signals
C. To control current flow
D. To convert AC to DC
Q5. Which type of circuit allows multiple paths for current flow?
A. Series circuit
B. Parallel circuit
C. Combination circuit
D. Complex circuit
Q6. What does DC stand for in DC power?
A. Direct Current
B. Digital Circuit
C. Dynamic Control
D. Diode Current
Q7. Which law states that the voltage across a conductor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it, provided its temperature remains constant?
A. Ohm’s Law
B. Newton’s Law
C. Coulomb’s Law
D. Faraday’s Law
Q8. What is the purpose of a capacitor in an electronic circuit?
A. To store electrical charge
B. To amplify electrical signals
C. To control current flow
D. To convert AC to DC
Q9. Which type of device is commonly used to amplify electrical signals?
A. Capacitor
B. Resistor
C. Transistor
D. Inductor
Q10. What does PCB stand for in the context of electronics?
A. Printed Control Board
B. Programmable Circuit Block
C. Power Control Bus
D. Printed Circuit Board
Q11. What is the purpose of a relay in an electrical circuit?
A. To amplify electrical signals
B. To store electrical charge
C. To regulate voltage
D. To control current flow
Q12. Which component is used to convert sound waves into electrical signals in a microphone?
A. Transistor
B. Resistor
C. Capacitor
D. Inductor
Q13. What is the purpose of a potentiometer in an electronic circuit?
A. To store electrical charge
B. To regulate voltage
C. To control current flow
D. To vary resistance
Q14. What is the main function of a rectifier in a power supply?
A. To amplify signals
B. To regulate voltage
C. To convert AC to DC
D. To generate oscillations
Q15. Which type of circuit contains both series and parallel components?
A. Combination circuit
B. Complex circuit
C. Dual circuit
D. Composite circuit
Q16. What is the purpose of an oscillator in an electronic circuit?
A. To amplify electrical signals
B. To store electrical charge
C. To generate oscillations
D. To control current flow
Q17. Which component is used to convert electrical energy into mechanical motion?
A. Capacitor
B. Resistor
C. Transistor
D. Motor
Q18. What does the term “impedance” refer to in an electrical circuit?
A. The flow of electric charge
B. The opposition to current flow
C. The difference in electric potential
D. The measurement of electrical power
Q19. Which type of circuit is a combination of series and parallel circuits?
A. Complex circuit
B. Combination circuit
C. Composite circuit
D. Dual circuit
What is the difference between AC and DC?
AC stands for alternating current, while DC stands for direct current. AC alternates its direction periodically, changing from positive to negative in a sinusoidal waveform. It is commonly used for power distribution in homes and buildings. On the other hand, DC flows steadily in one direction and is commonly used in batteries and electronic devices like smartphones and laptops.
What is a resistor and what does it do?
A resistor is an electronic component that opposes the flow of electric current in a circuit. It is used to control the amount of current flowing through a circuit by creating a specific resistance. Resistors are measured in ohms (Ω) and can be found in various electronic devices and circuits, playing a crucial role in voltage division, current limiting, and signal conditioning.
What is a capacitor and how does it work?
A capacitor is an electronic component that stores and releases electrical energy. It consists of two conductive plates separated by a dielectric material. When a voltage is applied across the plates, electrons accumulate on one plate while an equal number of electrons are drawn away from the other plate, creating an electric field. Capacitors are used in circuits for energy storage, noise filtering, and coupling signals between different stages of a circuit.
What is a diode and what is its purpose?
A diode is an electronic component that allows current to flow in only one direction. It acts as a one-way valve for electric current. When the voltage across a diode is above a certain threshold, called the forward voltage, it allows current to flow. When the voltage is below the forward voltage, it blocks the current flow. Diodes are commonly used in rectifier circuits, voltage clamping, and signal modulation.
What is a transistor and how is it used?
A transistor is a three-terminal electronic device that amplifies or switches electronic signals and electrical power. It consists of three layers of semiconductor material: the emitter, base, and collector. Transistors can be used as amplifiers to increase the strength of a signal or as switches to control the flow of current in a circuit. They are integral to modern electronics and are found in various applications like amplifiers, digital logic circuits, and power control systems.