Handweaving is one of the earliest crafts in Jammu & Kashmir. Very fine cloth must have been produced in the Kashmir valley from a very early period. Mughal emperor Akbar that improved the local craft and techniques of shawl and carpet weaving.
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The Kashmir shawl is a particular kind of shawl that is characterized by its Kashmir weaving and is typically made of pashmina or Shahtoosh wool. Kashmir is renowned for its lois, pattus, blankets, and tweeds, among other woollen textiles. Gurez, Bandipora, Lolab valley, Budgam, Pulwama, Tral, Shopian, and Sopore in the Kashmir Province, as well as Kishtwar, Bhaderwah, Ramnagar, Latti, Dudu-Basantgarh, Bani, Billawar, Poonch, and Rajouri in the Jammu Province, are the principal woolen article producing centers.
MCQS on Art and Craft of Jammu and Kashmir
Q1. Which of the following describes a well-known Kashmiri wood carving style?
a) Papier-mâché
b) kandkari
c) Phulkari
d) Bagh
Q2.The following groups are thought to have brought the Papier-mâché art form to Kashmir:
a) Mughals
b) Persians
c) British
d) Afghans
Q3. Which of the following describes a traditional Kashmiri embroidered art form?
a) Zardozi
b) Phulkari
c) Chikankari
d) Kashida
Q4.The word “Kashida” describes the following:
a) a kind of felt shawl
b) a kind of embroidered stitch
c) a kind of carpet weaving
d) a kind of metals
Q5. The art of Kani shawl weaving is practiced in which region of Jammu and Kashmir?
a) Srinagar
b) Jammu
c) Leh
d) Kishtwar
Q6. Kani shawls are known for their:
a) Intricate designs
b) Use of natural dyes
c) Both intricate designs and use of natural dyes
d) None of the above
Q7.Which of the following describes a traditional Kashmiri metals art form?
a) Bidri
b) Tanjore
c) Thathera
d) Basohli
Q8.Thathera’s art includes:
a) Wood carving
b) Metalwork
c) Carpet weaving
d) Embroidery
Q9.Which area of Jammu and Kashmir is the source of the well-known Basohli miniature paintings?
a) Srinagar
b) Jammu
c) Leh
d) Kishtwar
Q10.Basohli miniature paintings are known for their
a) Vibrant colors
b) Bold brushstrokes
c) Intricate patterns
d) All of the above
Q11. Which of the following is a traditional craft of Jammu and Kashmir involving the use of willow twigs?
a) Kani shawl weaving
b) Papier-mâché
c) Willow basket weaving
d) Carpets
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Q12. The art of Namda is associated with which of the following region
a) Srinagar
b) Jammu
c) Leh
d) Kishtwar
Q13.Namda refers to:
a) Woollen rugs
b) Felted wool carpets
c) Embroidery
d) Wood carving
Q14.Which of the following describes a traditional craft from Jammu and Kashmir that uses reeds and grass?
a) Papier-mâché
b) Willow basket weaving
c) Tonga painting
d) Grass and reed mat weaving
Q15. The art of Tonga painting is associated with which region of Jammu and Kashmir?
a) Srinagar
b) Jammu
c) Leh
d) Kishtwar
Q16. Tonga painting involves decorating:
a) Wood
b) Metal
c) Cloth
d) Horse-drawn carriages
Q17. Which of the following is a traditional craft from Jammu and Kashmir involving the use of wool?
a) Sozni embroidery
b) Papier-mâché
c) Willow basket weaving
d) Tonga painting
Q18. The art of Sozni embroidery is mainly practiced in which region of Jammu and Kashmir?
a) Srinagar
b) Jammu
c) Leh
d) Kishtwar
Q19. Which of the following is a traditional craft from Jammu and Kashmir involving the use of wood?
a) Willow basket weaving
b) Sozni embroidery
c) Namda
d) Wood carving
Q20. Jammu and Kashmir wood carving tradition is renowned for its:
a) Intricate designs
b) Use of natural dyes
c) Both intricate designs and use of natural dyes
d) None of the above
Q21.Which of the following is a traditional craft from Jammu and Kashmir involving the use of natural fibers?
a) Papier-mâché
b) Willow basket weaving
c) Metalwork
d) Embroidery
Q22.Which of the following is a traditional craft from Jammu and Kashmir involving the use of natural dyes?
a) Papier-mâché
b) Willow basket weaving
c) Metalwork
d) Embroidery
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Types of Shawls of Kashmir
Pashmina Shawl: Pashmina Shawls are made from the fluffy wool that is sourced from Changthang or Kel goats. Even on a global scale, Shahtoosh’s ring shawls are highly well-known.It has got GI tag.
Raffal Shawl: Raffal Shawls are pure wool shawls with varying wool counts (40, 60, 80, etc.); as the count rises, so does the price.
The Kani shawl: It is a particular kind of Kashmiri shawl that comes from the Kashmiri town of Kanihama. It is among Kashmir’s first handicrafts. It is equipped with a Gl tag.
Types of Woolen Crafts of Jammu and Kashmir
TWEED: Tweed is a product made entirely of wool that takes on different shapes during eight stages of wool shearing. Tweed products include wedding suits as well as long winter coats, jackets, blazers, waistcoats, suits, pants, and caps.
In the Kashmir valley, it serves as excellent insulation in the winter and is also a thriving artistic and craft medium.
Gabba Rugs: Chain-stitched rugs made by Gabba Rugs It is constructed from vintage woollens, upon which chain stitch is used to secure various colored cutout forms. Large embroidery covers the field and its edges. Typically, 35% cotton yarn and 65% wool or silk yam are used to make these carpets. The rug’s foundation is made of pastel-colored hessian fabric, which is backed by cotton fabric. Kashmiri embroidery is done on the surface, including traditional flower patterns.
Namdas: Kashmiri Namdas have a distinct texture because they are manufactured from the wool of sheep that are native to the region and are prepared by felting rather than weaving. These are floor coverings similar to little carpets, but at a lower cost. The percentage of wool in a Namdas determines its price; one with 30% wool is more affordable than one with 75% wool. Namdas are renowned for their vivid patterns and colors.
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What is Papier-mâché, and why is it famous in Kashmir?
The art technique known as “papier-mâché” involves shaping paper pulp into beautiful items and elaborate designs. The Papier-mâché of Kashmir is well-known for its vivid hues, elaborate designs, and use of natural dyes. During the Mughal dynasty, Persian artists brought the art form to Kashmir.
What is the significance of Kani shawls in Kashmiri crafts?
Beautiful woolen shawls made by hand in Kashmir are called kani shawls, and they are prized for their elaborate patterns and use of organic dyes. The manufacturing of these shawls, which are regarded as an emblem of Kashmiri culture and history, entails a difficult and expert weaving technique that has been handed down through the years.
What is Sozni embroidery, and where is it practiced?
A traditional type of embroidery used in Kashmir, especially in Srinagar, is called sozni embroidery. It entails dexterous needlework with vivid colors and complex patterns on materials like silk, cotton, and wool. The embroidery, which frequently adorns shawls, clothes, and home decor items, is renowned for its extraordinary quality and attention to detail.