physics mcqs for class 10 with answers pdf
Physics is the scientific study of matter, energy, and the interactions between them. It seeks to understand and describe the fundamental laws and principles that govern the natural world, from the smallest particles to the vastness of the universe.
Physics is divided into several branches, each focusing on different aspects of the physical world. Some of the main branches of physics include:
- Classical Mechanics: This branch deals with the motion of macroscopic objects and the forces acting on them. It includes topics such as Newton’s laws of motion, gravity, and the study of motion in various systems.
- Electromagnetism: Electromagnetism deals with the study of electric and magnetic fields, their interactions, and the behavior of charged particles. It encompasses topics such as electrostatics, magnetism, electromagnetic waves, and electromagnetism in materials.
- Thermodynamics: Thermodynamics is concerned with the study of heat, temperature, energy, and their transformations. It includes topics such as laws of thermodynamics, heat engines, entropy, and the behavior of gases.
- Quantum Mechanics: Quantum mechanics is a branch of physics that deals with the behavior of particles at the atomic and subatomic levels. It describes the probabilistic nature of quantum systems and their wave-particle duality. Quantum mechanics is crucial for understanding the behavior of atoms, molecules, and fundamental particles.
- Relativity: Relativity theory, specifically special relativity and general relativity, describes the laws of physics in the presence of high speeds or strong gravitational fields. It revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and the nature of gravity.
- Optics: Optics is the study of light and its interactions with matter. It covers topics such as reflection, refraction, diffraction, and the behavior of light in various optical systems.
- Particle Physics: Particle physics focuses on the study of elementary particles and their fundamental interactions. It involves exploring the fundamental forces of nature, such as electromagnetism, weak nuclear force, strong nuclear force, and gravity, and understanding the fundamental constituents of matter.
These branches of physics, among others, form the foundation for understanding the natural world and have applications in various fields, including engineering, technology, medicine, and astronomy
physics mcqs for class 10 with answers pdf
1. What is the SI unit of force?
a) Kilogram (kg)
b) Newton (N)
c) Metre per second (m/s)
d) Joule (J)
2. Which of the following is an example of a scalar quantity?
a) Velocity
b) Acceleration
c) Mass
d) Force
3. Which of the following best describes Newton’s first law of motion?
a) An object at rest tends to stay at rest, and an object in motion tends to stay in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an external force.
b) The rate of change of momentum of an object is directly proportional to the applied force and takes place in the direction in which the force acts.
c) The force of attraction between two objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.
d) For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
4. What happens to the speed of an object if the net force acting on it is zero?
a) The speed increases.
b) The speed decreases.
c) The speed remains constant.
d) The speed cannot be determined without more information.
5. Which of the following is an example of kinetic energy?
a) A stationary car parked on the side of the road.
b) A stretched rubber band.
c) A rolling ball.
d) A battery-operated clock.
6. The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of Earth is approximately:
a) 9.8 m/s^2
b) 6.3 m/s^2
c) 3.5 m/s^2
d) 12.7 m/s^2
7. Which of the following is an example of a non-contact force?
a) Friction
b) Tension
c) Magnetic force
d) Normal force
8. What happens to the resistance of a wire if its length is doubled, keeping the cross-sectional area constant?
a) The resistance doubles.
b) The resistance becomes half.
c) The resistance remains the same.
d) The resistance becomes zero.
9.Which type of mirror is used in a shaving mirror?
a) Plane mirror
b) Convex mirror
c) Concave mirror
d) Spherical mirror
10. The phenomenon of splitting of white light into its constituent colors is known as:
a) Reflection
b) Refraction
c) Diffraction
d) Dispersion
11. What happens to the pitch of a sound when the frequency of the sound wave decreases?
a) The pitch increases.
b) The pitch decreases.
c) The pitch remains the same.
d) The pitch cannot be determined without more information.
12. Which color has the shortest wavelength?
a) Red
b) Green
c) Blue
d) Yellow
13. Which of the following materials is a good conductor of electricity?
a) Wood
b) Plastic
c) Glass
d) Copper
14. What is the unit of electric current?
a) Watt (W)
b) Ohm (Ω)
c) Volt (V)
d) Ampere (A)
15. Which of the following statements is true about a series circuit?
a) The total resistance is equal to the sum of individual resistances.
b) The voltage across each component is the same.
c) The total current is equal to the sum of individual currents.
d) All of the above.
16. Which of the following devices converts electrical energy into mechanical energy?
a) Generator
b) Motor
c) Transformer
d) Transistor
17. The process by which a gas changes directly into a solid without passing through the liquid state is called:
a) Sublimation
b) Condensation
c) Evaporation
d) Fusion
18. Which of the following is an example of a renewable source of energy?
a) Coal
b) Natural gas
c) Solar power
d) Nuclear power
19. What is the principle behind a refrigerator?
a) Boyle’s law
b) Archimedes’ principle
c) Pascal’s law
d) Carnot’s theorem
20. Which of the following is an example of an insulator?
a) Aluminium
b) Silver
c) Rubber
d) Copper
physics mcqs for competitive exams
1. What is the SI unit of electric current?
a) Ampere (A)
b) Volt (V)
c) Ohm (Ω)
d) Watt (W)
2. Which of the following statements is true about the conservation of energy?
a) Energy can be created but not destroyed.
b) Energy can be destroyed but not created.
c) Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another.
d) Energy is constantly created and destroyed in the universe.
3. Which of the following is an example of a vector quantity?
a) Temperature
b) Time
c) Distance
d) Velocity
4. According to the law of conservation of momentum, what happens to the total momentum of a system if no external forces act on it?
a) The total momentum increases.
b) The total momentum decreases.
c) The total momentum remains constant.
d) The total momentum cannot be determined without more information.
5. What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy an energy level with principal quantum number n?
a) 2n
b) 2n^2
c) n^2
d) n
6. What is the process by which a gas changes directly into a solid without passing through the liquid state called?
a) Sublimation
b) Condensation
c) Evaporation
d) Fusion
7. Which of the following statements is true about the focal length of a convex lens?
a) The focal length is positive.
b) The focal length is negative.
c) The focal length is zero.
d) The focal length depends on the color of light.
8. What is the SI unit of capacitance?
a) Henry (H)
b) Farad (F)
c) Volt (V)
d) Ohm (Ω)
9. Which of the following statements is true about the principle of superposition?
a) When two waves interfere constructively, the resulting amplitude is smaller than the individual amplitudes.
b) When two waves interfere destructively, the resulting amplitude is larger than the individual amplitudes.
c) When two waves interfere, the resulting amplitude is the sum of the individual amplitudes.
d) When two waves interfere, the resulting amplitude is the difference between the individual amplitudes.
10. What is the formula to calculate electric power?
a) Power = Current × Resistance
b) Power = Voltage × Current
c) Power = Voltage^2 / Resistance
d) Power = Current^2 × Resistance
11. Which of the following devices uses the principle of electromagnetic induction?
a) Transformer
b) Thermometer
c) Barometer
d) Oscilloscope
12. Which of the following is an example of a renewable source of energy?
a) Coal
b) Natural gas
c) Solar power
d) Nuclear power
13. What is the relationship between the wavelength and frequency of a wave?
a) They are inversely proportional.
b) They are directly proportional.
c) They are unrelated.
d) The relationship depends on the medium through which the wave travels.
14. What is the principle behind rocket propulsion?
a) Archimedes’ principle
b) Pascal’s principle
c) Newton’s first law of motion
d) Bernoulli’s principle
15. What is the unit of magnetic flux?
a) Weber (Wb)
b) Tesla (T)
c) Henry (H)
d) Joule (J)
16. Which of the following statements is true about the photoelectric effect?
a) The kinetic energy of emitted electrons depends on the intensity of light.
b) The kinetic energy of emitted electrons depends on the frequency of light.
c) The number of emitted electrons depends on the intensity of light.
d) The number of emitted electrons depends on the frequency of light.
17. What is the unit of angular velocity?
a) Metre per second (m/s)
b) Radian per second (rad/s)
c) Hertz (Hz)
d) Newton (N)
18. Which of the following statements is true about the law of gravitation?
a) The force of gravity between two objects depends on their mass and volume.
b) The force of gravity between two objects depends on their mass and distance.
c) The force of gravity between two objects depends on their volume and distance.
d) The force of gravity between two objects is constant, regardless of their mass or distance.
19. What is the unit of power factor?
a) Ampere (A)
b) Watt (W)
c) Henry (H)
d) None of the above
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20. What is the SI unit of magnetic field strength?
a) Tesla (T)
b) Weber (Wb)
c) Henry (H)
d) Ohm (Ω)