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Inventions Discoveries MCQs
High-yield multiple choice questions asked in previous years (UPSC, SSC CGL, JKSSB, RRB & State PSCs).
High-Yield Concept Capsule & Key Facts
📌 High-yield historical science trivia questions in SSC CGL, RRB NTPC, CDS, and State PSCs.
Milestones in Modern Physics & Chemistry
- • Atomic & Subatomic Physics: Electron (J.J. Thomson, 1897 via cathode rays); Proton (Ernest Rutherford, 1919 / Gold foil experiment); Neutron (James Chadwick, 1932); Nucleus of Atom (Rutherford, 1911).
- • Electromagnetism & Radiation: X-Rays (Wilhelm Roentgen, 1895 - First Nobel Prize in Physics); Radioactivity (Henri Becquerel, 1896); Polonium and Radium (Marie & Pierre Curie); Photoelectric Effect & Special Relativity (Albert Einstein, 1905).
- • Electricity & Telecommunications: Telephone (Alexander Graham Bell, 1876); Radio (Guglielmo Marconi); Electric Bulb & Phonograph (Thomas Alva Edison); Alternating Current / AC Induction Motor (Nikola Tesla); World Wide Web (Tim Berners-Lee, 1989 at CERN).
Breakthroughs in Biology & Medical Science
- • Cell Theory & Microscopy: Cell first observed (Robert Hooke, 1665 in cork); Living cells & Protozoa (Antonie van Leeuwenhoek); Cell Theory (Theodor Schwann & Matthias Schleiden, 1839; Rudolf Virchow 1855).
- • Antibiotics & Vaccines: Penicillin (Alexander Fleming, 1928 - world's first true antibiotic from Penicillium notatum mold); Smallpox Vaccine (Edward Jenner, 1796 - 'Father of Immunology'); Polio Vaccine (Jonas Salk - injected IPV 1953; Albert Sabin - oral OPV 1961); Rabies Vaccine & Pasteurization (Louis Pasteur).
- • Genetics & DNA: Principles of Inheritance / 'Father of Genetics' (Gregor Mendel, 1866); Double Helix Structure of DNA (James Watson and Francis Crick, 1953 based on Rosalind Franklin's X-ray crystallography); Blood Groups ABO (Karl Landsteiner, 1900).
| Invention / Discovery | Discoverer / Inventor | Year | Scientific Impact / Significance |
|---|---|---|---|
| X-Rays | Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen | 1895 | First Nobel Prize in Physics (1901) |
| Penicillin | Alexander Fleming | 1928 | First antibiotic; revolutionized infectious medicine |
| Electron | J.J. Thomson | 1897 | Cathode ray experiment; subatomic particle |
| Neutron | James Chadwick | 1932 | Paved way for nuclear fission and reactors |
| DNA Double Helix | Watson, Crick & Franklin | 1953 | Decoded molecular genetics and inheritance |
| Smallpox Vaccine | Edward Jenner | 1796 | First vaccine in human history (cowpox pus) |
Showing 15 Practice Questions
Q1SSC CGL 2023Easy
Who discovered the first miracle antibiotic, Penicillin, in 1928?
Q2UPSC CSE PrelimsEasy
The discovery of X-rays, which won the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901, was made by:
Q3JKSSB FAA 2022Easy
Who is recognized as the 'Father of Immunology' for developing the world's first vaccine against Smallpox in 1796?
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Q4CDS 2022Easy
The double helical molecular structure of DNA was elucidated in 1953 by:
Q5JKSSB VLW 2023Easy
Who discovered the Neutron, the uncharged subatomic particle in the atomic nucleus, in 1932?
Q6SSC CGL Tier-1Easy
The ABO human blood group system was discovered in 1900 by which Nobel laureate physician?
Q7JKPSC KAS PrelimsEasy
Who invented the World Wide Web (WWW) while working as a computer scientist at CERN in 1989?
Q8NDA 2022Easy
The first injectable inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) was developed in 1953 by:
Q9SSC CHSLMedium
Who first measured the Universal Gravitational Constant (G) experimentally using a torsion balance in 1798?
Q10JKSSB Sub-InspectorEasy
The Rabies vaccine and the microbial process of pasteurization to kill pathogens in milk were invented by:
Q11UPSC CSE PrelimsEasy
Who is regarded as the 'Father of Genetics' for formulating the fundamental laws of inheritance through breeding garden pea plants (Pisum sativum)?
Q12JKSSB Patwari 2024Easy
Who invented Dynamite and left his immense fortune to establish the prestigious international Nobel Prizes?
Q13CDS 2021Easy
The invention of the Battery (Voltaic Pile), which produced the first continuous direct electric current in 1800, is credited to:
Q14SSC CGLEasy
Who invented the Barometer, an instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure, in 1643?
Q15JKSSB Junior AssistantEasy
The electron was discovered in 1897 through pioneering cathode-ray discharge experiments by:
Frequently Asked Questions (Inventions Discoveries)
Q: Who discovered the first antibiotic, Penicillin, and how was it found?
Sir Alexander Fleming discovered Penicillin in September 1928 at St. Mary's Hospital, London, after noticing that a contaminating halo of green mold (Penicillium notatum) had accidentally landed on an unwashed petri dish and killed the surrounding Staphylococcus bacteria.
Q: Who is honored as the 'Father of Immunology' and for what discovery?
Edward Jenner is recognized as the 'Father of Immunology' for developing the world's first successful vaccine in 1796, inoculating an 8-year-old boy (James Phipps) with cowpox blisters to confer lifelong immunity against deadly smallpox.
Q: Who measured the Universal Gravitational Constant (G) experimentally for the first time?
Henry Cavendish measured the Universal Gravitational Constant (G) experimentally in 1798 using a sensitive torsion balance with lead spheres, which also allowed him to calculate the mass and average density of the Earth.
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