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Fundamental Rights MCQs
High-yield multiple choice questions asked in previous years (UPSC, SSC CGL, JKSSB, RRB & State PSCs).
High-Yield Concept Capsule & Key Facts
📌 High Weightage in UPSC CSE, SSC CGL/CHSL, CDS, State PSCs (UPPSC, BPSC, RAS, JKPSC).
Classification of Fundamental Rights
- • Right to Equality (Articles 14-18): Equality before law (Art 14), Prohibition of discrimination (Art 15), Equality of opportunity in public employment (Art 16), Abolition of Untouchability (Art 17), Abolition of Titles (Art 18).
- • Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22): Six democratic freedoms (Art 19), Protection in respect of conviction for offences (Art 20), Protection of Life & Personal Liberty (Art 21), Right to Education (Art 21A - 86th Amendment 2002), Protection against arrest & detention (Art 22).
- • Right against Exploitation (Articles 23-24): Prohibition of human trafficking & forced labor (Art 23), Prohibition of employment of children in factories (Art 24).
- • Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25-28): Freedom of conscience & profession (Art 25), Management of religious affairs (Art 26), Freedom from tax for promotion of religion (Art 27), Freedom from attendance at religious worship in state institutions (Art 28).
- • Cultural & Educational Rights (Articles 29-30): Protection of minority interests (Art 29), Right of minorities to establish educational institutions (Art 30).
- • Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32): Moving Supreme Court for enforcement of rights via 5 prerogative writs (Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Quo-Warranto, Certiorari).
Crucial Legal Doctrines & Case Laws
- • Doctrine of Severability (Art 13): Only the unconstitutional portion of a statute is void, not the entire Act.
- • Doctrine of Eclipse: Pre-constitutional laws inconsistent with Fundamental Rights are overshadowed/dormant, not dead.
- • Maneka Gandhi vs Union of India (1978): Article 21 guarantees "due process of law" and life with human dignity, not merely animal existence.
- • Kesavananda Bharati Case (1973): Fundamental rights can be amended by Parliament under Art 368 without altering the "Basic Structure".
- • K.S. Puttaswamy vs Union of India (2017): 9-judge bench unanimously declared Right to Privacy an intrinsic part of Article 21.
| Article | Core Guarantee | Key Exceptions / Case Law |
|---|---|---|
| Article 14 | Equality before law & equal protection of laws | Reasonable classification permitted (Intelligible Differentia) |
| Article 19(1)(a) | Freedom of Speech and Expression | Reasonable restrictions under Art 19(2) - sovereignty, public order, morality |
| Article 20 | Protection against Ex-Post Facto Law, Double Jeopardy & Self-Incrimination | Cannot be suspended even during National Emergency (Art 359) |
| Article 21 | Right to Life and Personal Liberty | Expanded to include clean environment, privacy, right to sleep, speedy trial |
| Article 21A | Free & Compulsory Education (6-14 years) | Inserted by 86th Constitutional Amendment Act 2002 |
| Article 32 | Constitutional Remedies (Supreme Court Writs) | Called "Heart & Soul" of the Constitution by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar |
Showing 30 Practice Questions
Q1SSC Grad. 2002Easy
Which of these is NOT included as a Fundamental Right in the Indian Constitution?
Q2SSC Grad. 2002Easy
Which of the following can a court issue for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights?
Q3SSC Grad. 2003Medium
Point out which from the following is NOT a right explicitly enumerated in the Constitution of India but has been articulated by the Supreme Court to be a Fundamental Right?
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Q4SSC Grad. 2003Medium
Which of the following writs/orders of the High Court/Supreme Court is brought to get an order of an authority quashed?
Q5SSC Grad. 2003Medium
Point out which from the following is NOT a right enumerated in the Constitution of India but articulated by the Supreme Court as a Fundamental Right?
Q6SSC Grad. 2004Easy
Civil equality implies which of the following?
Q7SSC Grad. 2006Easy
Who considered the Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) as the very 'heart and soul' of the Indian Constitution?
Q8SSC Sec. Off. (Aud.) 2006Easy
Which of the following writs is regarded as a bulwark of personal freedom against arbitrary detention?
Q9SSC Sec. Off. (Aud.) 2007Medium
Right to property was removed from the list of Fundamental Rights during the rule of which Government?
Q10SSC Mat. 2008Medium
Political right does NOT include which one of the following?
Q11SSC Mat. 2008Easy
Which of the following rights is NOT granted by the Constitution of India at present as a fundamental right?
Q12SSC Sec. Off. (Aud.) 2006Easy
Who is the ultimate guardian and guarantor of the Fundamental Rights enumerated in the Indian Constitution?
Q13SSC Sec. Off. (Aud.) 2008Easy
Which Part of the Indian Constitution contains the provisions relating to 'Fundamental Rights'?
Q14SSC DEO 2008Easy
Which Constitutional Amendment deleted the Right to Property from the list of Fundamental Rights?
Q15SSC Tax Assit. 2009Medium
Under the Indian Constitution, certain Fundamental Rights are NOT extended to which of the following categories?
Q16SSC Grad. 2010Easy
Which one of the following organs is the custodian and guardian of Fundamental Rights?
Q17SCRA 2000Medium
Match the Articles of Indian Constitution with their respective Fundamental Rights: A. Article 14 — 1. Right to Equality B. Article 22 — 2. Right of a person under detention C. Article 25 — 3. Right to Freedom of Religion D. Article 32 — 4. Right to Constitutional Remedies
Q18SCRA 2007Medium
Which of the following are covered under the Fundamental Rights in the Constitution of India? I. Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour II. Prohibition of employment of children in factories III. Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion
Q19RRB Supervisor 2006Medium
All the following are Fundamental Rights guaranteed by the Indian Constitution EXCEPT:
Q20RRB Supervisor 2006Easy
Which of the following is NOT one of the Fundamental Rights in India?
Q21United Bank of India 2010Easy
Right to Education was introduced under Article 21A to guarantee free and compulsory education to which age group?
Q22NDA 2000Hard
Consider the following statements: Assertion (A): The right to property in the Constitution of India ceased to be a fundamental right but continues to exist as a constitutional right. Reason (R): Forty-fourth Amendment deleted Article 19(1)(f) and 31 from Part III and added Article 300A in Part XII.
Q23NDA 2009Medium
Freedom of the Press in India is:
Q24UP PCS (Main) 2009Medium
Which of the following Articles of the Indian Constitution guarantees equality of opportunity to all citizens in matters relating to public employment?
Q25UP PCS (Main) 2009 / UPSC 2005Hard
Which one among the following pairs of Articles relating to Fundamental Rights CANNOT be suspended even during the enforcement of Emergency under Article 359?
Q26UPSC 2004Easy
Which Article of the Constitution of India explicitly prohibits the employment of children below the age of fourteen years in any factory, mine or hazardous employment?
Q27UPSC 2004Medium
Match the Articles of Indian Constitution with their Fundamental Provisions: A. Article 14 — 1. Equality before the law B. Article 15 — 2. Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth C. Article 16 — 3. Equality of opportunity in public employment D. Article 17 — 4. Abolition of Untouchability
Q28SSC CGL 2012 / Lucent GKEasy
Under the Indian Constitution, which of the following is considered the 'Magna Carta' of India?
Q29UPSC 2002 / CDS 2005Medium
The writ of 'Quo Warranto' can be issued by the Supreme Court or High Courts against:
Q30SSC Grad. 2005 / Lucent GKMedium
Under Article 19 of the Constitution of India, which of the following freedoms was removed by the 44th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1978?
Frequently Asked Questions (Fundamental Rights)
Q: Which Fundamental Rights are available ONLY to Indian citizens and NOT to foreigners?
Articles 15, 16, 19, 29, and 30 are exclusively available to Indian citizens. Articles 14, 20, 21, 21A, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, and 28 are available to both citizens and foreigners (except enemy aliens).
Q: Which Fundamental Rights CANNOT be suspended during a National Emergency?
Under the 44th Constitutional Amendment Act of 1978, the rights guaranteed under Article 20 (Protection against conviction) and Article 21 (Right to life and personal liberty) cannot be suspended even during a National Emergency under Article 352.
Q: What is the difference between Article 32 and Article 226 regarding Writs?
Under Article 32, the Supreme Court can issue writs ONLY for Fundamental Rights enforcement, and moving the SC is itself a Fundamental Right. Under Article 226, High Courts can issue writs for Fundamental Rights AS WELL AS ordinary legal rights (wider jurisdiction).
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